1)
Your study area is located at 105o W and 35o N
(which puts it in central
(a) 12.
(b) 15.
(c) 13.
(d) 14.
(e) none of
the above
2)
For the same study area ( 105o W and 35o
N), the central meridian of this zone is
located
(a) 1o to the east.
(b) 1o to the west.
(c) 2o to the east.
(d) 2o to the west.
(e) 4o to the east.
(f) 4o to the west.
(g) the study area is at the central
meridian of the zone
3)
Along any line of longitude there are 10 million meters between the equator and
North Pole (recall the original definition of the meter). With this information, estimate the precision
in meters of a latitude quoted to
four decimal places (for example, 32.5472o N) where the uncertainty
is +/- 0.0005 degree. (1x107
/ 90 = 111,000)
(a)
+/- 5.55 meters.
(b)
+/- 55.5 meters.
(c)
+/- 555 meters.
(d)
+/- 5550 meters.
(e)
can not be determined from the information
given.
Questions 4 - 8 are based on the
central zone of the Texas State Plane projection, which has the following
parameters:
Name:
Projection (class): Albers Equal-Area Conic
Datum: NAD83
Reference Latitude: 29.67o
Standard Parallel 1 30.117o
Standard Parallel 2 31.883o
False Easting: 700,000 meters
False Northing: 3,000,000 meters
4) Along which line or lines would you expect zero distortion of
distance (or true scale)?
(a) at
700,000 m East and 3,000,000 m North
(b) Along latitude 100.33o
N.
(c) Along both longitude
100.00o W and latitude 31.883o N.
(d) Along latitude 30.117o N and 31.883
o N.
(e) Halfway between
latitude 30.117o N and 31.883 o N.
(f) With this projection,
there are no lines of zero distortion.
5) Where is the origin for the projection?
(a) At 31.883o
N, 100.33o W.
(b) At 29.67o W,
31.883o N.
(c) At the (0,0)
coordinate origin, 3 million meters West and 700,000 million meters South of
the center of
(d) At 29.67o N
and the equator
(e) none of the above
6) What type of projection is this?
(a)
(b) Conical, with a single line of tangency.
(c)
Transverse Cylindrical
(d) Conical, with two lines of secancy
(e) none
of the above
7) From the projection parameters given, you can conclude the
projection has
(a) a
single point of tangency.
(b) a
single line of tangency.
(c) a
single line of secancy.
(d) two lines of secancy.
(e) no
line nor point of tangency and no line(s) of secancy.
8)
With this projection, a point with coordinates (x=1,000,000, y=3,500,000) is
(a) northeast
of the origin
(b) southwest of
the origin
(c) southeast of
the origin
(d)
northwest of the
origin
(e) not possible with
this projection.
9)
The dimension of a raster is given by the
(a)
resolution multiplied by the area
(b)
size of individual cells
(c)
georeferenced position
(d)
accuracy of the data
(e)
number of cells along the horizontal
and vertical edges
10) You are using a projection that is centered on point
A. The false easting is 70,000 meters
and the false northing is 1,000,000 meters.
On the scale of the projected map, you find point B to be 5 kilometers
due east of A. What are the projection
coordinates (in meters) for point B?
(a)
(6,500, 1,000,000)
(b)
(7,000, 1,005,000)
(c)
(7,500, 1,000,000)
(d)
(-5000, 0)
(e)
none of the above
11) With respect to
the NAD27 datum, the NAD83 datum is
(a)
more precise
(b)
in wider use globally
(c)
better
(d)
more modern
(e) all of the above.
12) A cylindrical projection with a line of
tangency at the equator will have
(a)
a standard meridian
(b)
a standard parallel
(c)
secants called reference latitudes
(d)
secants called central meridians
(e) none of the above
13) A Mercator projection is based on what conformable
surface?
(a) spheroid
(b)
cone
(c)
plane
(d)
cylinder
(e)
ellipsoid
14) A horizontal datum is defined by:
(a) projection parameters
(b) stellar-derived, geodetic rotational parameters
(c) a rotation axis and minor and major semiaxes
of an ellipsoid
(d) a geoid
(e) all of the above
15)
A surface that approximates mean sea level over the earth is called
(a) a geoid
(b) an ellipsoid
(c) a gravitational minima
(d) a least squares elevation
model
(e) a spheroid
16) Orthometric heights
are measured with respect to
(a) the geoid
(b) a reference ellipsoid
(c) a reference spheroid
(d) the center of the earth
(e) the center of mass of the
earth
17) An accurate geoid
model, such as GEOID99, can be used to convert
(a) lat. & long. coordinates
to UTM coordinates
(b) HAE
to MSL elevation
(c) NAD27 to WGS84
(d) tide tables to lunar phase
(e) GPS almanac information to locations
18) __________ is used to model the shape of the
earth for most modern datums.
(a) A sphere
(b) A cylinder
(c) An
ellipsoid
(d) A conical surface
(e) A pear shape
19) GIS databases that are
topologically valid must contain implicit or explicit information about
(a) adjacency
(b) correlation
(c) comprehesion
(d) polygon ordering.
(e) all of the above
20) If you wanted to use GIS to answer questions about the
spatial differences in precipitation over a specific time period in the
(a) a vector model with attribute tables.
(b) a raster model.
(c) a
relational database with a key field for coordinates.
(d) satellite
imagery
(e) queries of
polygons representing counties.
21) Planar enforcement requires that
(a) all lines cross
at nodes.
(b) all polygons are
mutually exclusive.
(c) the entire space of
interest is filled
(d) a and b
(e) all of the above
22)
At a scale of 1:24,000, how many centimeters represent a distance of 20 km?
(a) 83.3
(b) 166.6
(c) 0.012
(d) 31.25
(e) 16.0
23) A 10 x 10
meter raster displayed on a computer screen so that it covers 1 x 1 centimeters
represents an RF scale of
(a) 1:10,000
(b) 1:100
(c) 1:1000
(d) 1:100,000
(d)
(e) none of the
above
24)
One difference between relational and hierarchical databases is
(a) the use of key field.
(b) how data
files are compressed; one uses run-length and the other block encoding.
(c) smaller
numbers of records (tuples) in hierarchical
databases.
(d) relational
databases are not as easily queried.
(e) the number
of bits required to store the same data.
25) Heads-up digitizing requires
a) a
paper map, digitizing table and puck
b) optical
character recognition (OCR) software
c) GPS-derived points
d) a mouse and proficiency with
digitizing software
e) a paper map
and scanner
26) Run-length encoding is a way of
(a) compressing raster files
(b) interpolating among raster cell values
(c) simplifying certain computer languages
(d) digitizing linear features
(f)
none of the above
27) Joining tables of a relational
database
(a) requires a common
key field
(b)
does nothing that affects the stored versions of the
tables
(c) can
be a one-to-one or many-to-many operation; such that tables needn’t have the
same number of records
(d) all of the above
(f)
none of the above
28) A database management system
provides all of the following functions except
(a)
sorting of records by field values
(b)
report generation
(c)
retrieval of records using queries
(d)
data entry using forms
(e) digitizing points, lines and polygons
29) A data dictionary contains
(a) a list of all attributes and their
permitted values and ranges
(b)
the number of attributes, and their
values
(c)
the definitions that comprise the
database
(d)
rules for data analysis
(e)
rules for joining fields and common key
fields
30)
A database field is defined by specifying
(a)
a name
(b)
a field type
(c)
a width
(d)
a precision, in terms of the number of
decimal places
(e)
all
of the above
Below
are the parameters for the City of
Texas State Plane Central Zone
Projection used by City of
Projection Type: Lambert Conformal Conic
Spheroid: GRS80
Datum: NAD83
Reference Latitude: 29 40 00 (DMS) (29.66666667 DD)
Standard Parallel 1: 30 07 00 (DMS) (30.11666667 DD)
Standard Parallel 2: 31 53 00 (DMS) (31.88333333 DD)
False Easting: 2,296,583.33 (US survey feet)
False Northing: 9,842,500.00 (US survey feet)
31) The NAD83
datum of the above projection describes
a. a particular ellipsoidal model of the shape of the earth.
b. a sea level
reference for elevation measurements.
c. the location of
the origin of this coordinate system.
d. where in
e. a common line
of latitude for this zone.
32) The y-axis for
this projection lies
a. 100.33o
East of the Prime Meridian
b. 100.33o West of the Prime Meridian
c. North of the
Equator
d. South of the
Equator
e. between the
two standard parallels
33) This project
has no distortion
a. along the
central meridian
b. along the
reference latitude
c. at the origin of
the projection
d. along the standard parallels
e. all of the
above
34) The origin for
this coordinate system is
a. between the
standard parallels
b. south of the standard parallels
c. west of 100.33o
W
d. east of 100.33o W
e. unknown from
the information given
35) For this coordinate
system, x coordinates of points in
a. greater than
9,800,000 but less than about 31,000,000
b. greater than 2,296,000
c. less than
2,296,000
d. less than
2,296,000 but greater than about 1,500,000
36) The developable
surface of this projection intersects the surface of the earth at
a. two points
b. a single point
c. a secant
d. two secants
e. the equator
37) The GRS80
spheroid mentioned above is
a. a sphere with
a radius that is identical to the equatorial radius of the earth
b. an ellipsoid with a specific value of inverse
flattening
c. a
kidney-shaped model of the shape of the earth
d. a pear-shaped
model of the shape of the earth
e. an unusual
choice of a spheroid for a projection of this nature.
38) The US State
Plane Coordinate System has zone boundaries that follow
a. Lines of
latitude
b. Lines of
longitude
c. County lines
d. Arbitrary
parallels
e. Central
Meridians
39) With a
conformal projection, distortion of ____________ is minimized.
a. Distance
b. Area
c. Direction
d. Shape
40) UTM zone 14
North has a western boundary of -102o. It thus must have
a. an eastern
boundary at –99o and a central meridian at –105o
b. an eastern
boundary at –108o
c. a central
meridian at –105o
d. a central meridian at –99o and an
eastern boundary at –96o
e. an eastern
boundary at –108o and a central meridian at –105o
41) A well location is stated as: UTM
zone 12 N, 243,000mE, 3,420,000mN. This
well is located
a. 257 km west of the central meridian of this zone.
b. 257 km east of the central meridian of this
zone.
c. 3420 km due south of the north pole
d. 3420 km due north of the south pole
f.
none of the above.
42) An accurate geoid model, such as
GEOID99, can be used to convert
a. lat. & long. coordinates to UTM coordinates
b. HAE to MSL elevation
c. NAD27 to WGS84
d. tide tables to lunar phase
e. GPS almanac information to location
43) A mariner's clock set to the local time at
a. 15o of longitude
b. 10o of latitude
c, 30o of longitude
d. 15o of latitude
e. 10o of longitude
44) The concepts of topology are important in GIS because
a. projections are based on topological
information
b. most spatial queries rely upon stored topological relationships
c. attribute information can’t be stored without
topology
d. topology is a key aspect of file compression
e. raster data aren’t inherently topological
45) Vector map
topology is stored in tables that record
a. what polygons are to the left and right of a
line
b. “to”
and “from” nodes for lines
c. polygons are located inside other polygons
d. all of the above
46) A vector map
is said to be a planar graph if
a. all lines cross at nodes
b. no polygons overlap
c. the sum of the area of individual polygons
equals the area of extent of all polygons
d. all of the above
47) The vector map
query: “Find all wells that produce water in Travis county” is possible because
a GIS stores or can construct information about
a. contiguity
b. connectivity
c. containment
d. scale
e. all of the above
48) The ArcInfo
coverage model is a type of
a. storage and organizational scheme for vector data
b. model used to analyze raster data
c. object-oriented relational database
d. vector digitizing scheme
e. non-topological vector file format
49) A “world file”
a. gives a raster file real-world coordinates
b. stores information about the geographic
extent of a GIS
c. is a vector file that contains attribute
information
d. makes all GISs
scaleable
50) Raster
resolution is typically specified by
a. number of raster cells
b. the size of a raster cell
c. size of the raster file
d. the coordinates of raster cell locations
e. the raster dimension
51) Vector
representations are favored over rasters when the
feature being represented
a. has the properties of a field, e.g. gravity
b. has well-defined boundaries
c. will be stored as a planar graph
d. contains a single type of attribute, e.g.
elevation
52) The storage or
file size of a raster file is determined by
a. dimension and bit-depth
b. the number of cells that contain codes or
measured values
c. the size of a value attribute table
d. resolution
53) A principle
advantage of relational databases over hierarchical databases is
a. a greater capacity for data
b. the less technical nature
c. a more efficient and flexible means of storage
d. the lack of coding required – no key or
object Ids are needed
54) Joining
attribute tables in a relational database requires
a. relations that have a least one field in common
b. a one-to-one relationship among attributes
c. tuples that are identical
d. a one-to-many relationship among attributes
55) Storage of
spatial relationships, behaviors and properties of features are a
characteristic of a ______________ database.
a. hierarchical
b. network
c. relational
d. object-oriented
56) A group of features
that share common attributes and geometry is call a
a. feature data set
b. ArcInfo Workspace
c. Object
class
d. feature class
True/ False
Questions
57) ____ In a database, a string field contains
numeric entries
58)
____ Spatial
analyses addressing proximity, containment and distance are best done with
spatial data that are in raster format.
59)
____ A
“Spaghetti” vector model lacks data needed for spatial queries
60)
____ UT zone
boundaries are separated by 6o of longitude.
61)
____ Areas of
broad N-S extent, like
62)_____ The UTM System uses the equator for x-axis.
63)
____ Standard Query Language (SQL) is used for specifying a planar graph.
64)
____ In raster files, starting and ending nodes are
stored in Arc Tables.
65) ______ A geodatabase is a type of object-oriented
relational database
66) ______ A shapefile is a type of raster file
67) ______ In
relational databases, features are stored in rows and attributes in columns
68) ______ A
“Spaghetti” vector model lacks data needed for spatial queries
69) ______ A raster’s file size is fixed by dimension, not information
70) ______
Run-length encoding is a more powerful compression technique than MrSID compression.
71) ______ Raster
pyramids are a way to increase the rate at which a raster will display.
72) ______ Raster
data that have integer cell values can have attribute tables
73) ______ Raster
data that have floating-point cell values can have attribute tables
74) ______ A
Primary Key in a relation is a field that is used to join or relate relations
75) ______ A datum with nongeocentric axis of
rotation for the ellipsoid has its center at the center of mass of the earth.
76) ______
Geodatabases can contain shapefiles, coverages, TINs, rasters, annotation groups and information about topology
and coordinate systems.
77) ______ A TIN
is a vector representation of a surface.
78) ______ Arc,
nodes and vertices are the building blocks of vector data.
79) ______
Heads-up digitizing requires a digitizing tablet and puck.
80) ______ Polygon
Arc Tables store topological information.
81) ______ All raster data have the characteristics of a planar graph.
82) ______ Feature
classes within a Feature Dataset don’t need to have the same coordinate system.
83) ______ A
geodatabase is particularly well suited for modeling networks
84) ______ GIS rasters are always square; they contain the same number of
rows and columns
85) ______
Projected coordinate systems (PCSs) can have units of
decimal degrees.