class     date     topic                                                                      reading (do before class)
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Week 1
       1       1/19    former student’s perspective (Gomez)
       2       1/21    class introduction

Week 2

       3       1/24    fracture observation                                             Pollard & Aydin (1988); 
                                                                                                             Twiss & Moores (1992) p. 51-73

       4       1/26    fracture size organization                                     Marrett et al. (1999)

       5       1/28    fracture sampling artifacts                                    Terzaghi (1965);

                                                                                                             Baecher & Lanney (1978)

Week 3

       6       1/31    fracture size organization                                     Marrett (1996)

       7       2/2      fracture spatial organization                                Marrett et al. (in prep.)

       8       2/4      fracture spatial organization                                Marrett (in prep.)

     Sat.    2/5      field trip: Pedernales Falls State Park

Week 4

       9       2/7      displacement variation on fractures                  Peacock & Sanderson (1991)

      10      2/9      fracture growth                                                     Watterson (1986);

                                                                                                            Cladouhos & Marrett (1996)

      11      2/11    exercises (size organization)    due 2/16

Week 5

      12      2/14    fluid flow in fractures                                           Philip et al. (2002)

      13      2/16    seismic response to fractures                             Mueller (1991); Hall et al. (2002)

      14      2/18    exercises (spatial organization)                          due 2/23

Week 6

      15      2/21    microfracture observation (Laubach)                Laubach (1997)

      16      2/23    crack-seal/diagenetic process (Laubach)         Laubach et al. (2004)

      17      2/25    fracture quality (Laubach)                                  Laubach (2003)

Week 7

      2/28 – 3/6    optional field trip to Sierra Madre Oriental, Mexico

                            pre-/syn-Laramide Gulf stratigraphy                 Goldhammer & Johnson (2001)

                            Laramide salient development                            Marrett & Aranda-García (2001)

                            post-Laramide diapirism, growth strata            Giles & Lawton (1999)

                            fracture stratigraphy                                            Corbett et al. (1987)

                                                                                                            Ortega & Marrett (2001)

                            fractures near folds and faults                           Price (1967); Caine et al. (1996)

                            burial diagenesis fracturing                                Marrett & Laubach (2001)

Week 8

      18      3/7      topic tba (Scholz)

      19      3/9      fault sense of slip                                                  Petit (1987)

      20          3/11   fault array kinematics                                            Marrett & Allmendinger (1990)

Week 9

                3/14    Spring Break

                3/16    Spring Break

                3/18    Spring Break

    Sun.    3/20    field trip: Marble Falls

Week 10

      21      3/21    fault array kinematics                                           Peacock & Sanderson (1993)

      22      3/23    faults and fluid flow                                             Allan (1989); Gibson (1994)

      23      3/25    exercises (fault kinematics)                                 due 3/30

Week 11

      24      3/28    cross-section balancing and restoration          † Dahlstrom (1969); † Hossack (1979); 
                                                                                                            † Elliot (1983); * McClay (1992);

                                                                                                            ‡ Marshak & Woodward (1988)

      25      3/30    fault-bend folding models                                   † Rich (1934); † Suppe (1983)

      26      4/1      exercises (fault-bend folds)                                due 4/6

Week 12

      27      4/4      fault-bend fold interpretation issues                 † Erslev (1986);

                                                                                                            Jamison & Pope (1996)

      28      4/6      fault-propagation folding models                       Suppe & Medwedeff (1990);

                                                                                                            Chester & Chester (1990)

      29      4/8      exercises (cross-section restoration)                 due 4/13

Week 13

      30      4/11    detachment folding models                                 † Jamison (1987); Dahlstrom (1990)

      31      4/13    detachment fold interpretation issues               Poblet & McClay (1996);

                                                                                                            Marrett & Bentham (1997)

      32      4/15    exercises (prop./detach. folds)                           due 4/20

Week 14

      33      4/18    growth strata                                                         * Suppe et al. (1992);

                                                                                                            Poblet et al. (1997)

      34      4/20    Mexican Gulf of Mexico case study                  Aranda-García (1999) ch. 4

      35      4/22    extensional folding models                                 † Gibbs (1983); Bosworth (1985)

Week 15

      36      4/25    extensional fold interpretation issues               † White et al. (1986)

      37      4/27    3D aspects of folding                                           Shaw et al. (1994); Kerr et al. (1993)

      38      4/29    exercises (extensional/growth folds)                 due 5/4

Week 16

      39      5/2      seismic reflection data (Gomez)   

      40      5/4      structural interpretation of seismic                    Tucker & Yorston (1973);

                                                                                                            Badley (1985) p. 1-4 and 29-70; Lingrey (1991)

      41      5/6      exercise (seismic interpretation)

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† in:  Foster, N.H., and Beaumont, E.A., compilers, 1988, Structural Concepts and Techniques: American Association of Petroleum Geologists, reprint series 9, 10, 11.

‡ in:  Marshak, S., and Mitra, G., eds., 1988, Basic Methods of Structural Geology: Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, 446 pp.

* in:  McClay, K.R., ed., 1992, Thrust Tectonics: Chapman and Hall, London, 447 pp.

The local field trips (Pedernales Falls State Park and Marble Falls) are required, because data collected on the trips will form the basis for class exercises.  However, the field trip to the Sierra Madre Oriental will be optional.  I will pay the expenses for the local field trips, and students will be responsible only for bringing food/drink of their choice.  I will also pay the expenses associated with vehicle usage for the Sierra Madre Oriental trip, but students must pay for their own personal expenses (e.g., hotel, food, etc.).   

Allan, U.S., 1989, Model for hydrocarbon migration and entrapment within faulted structures: American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, v. 73, p. 803-811.  

Aranda-García, M., 1999, Evolution of Neogene contractional growth structures, southern Gulf of Mexico: M.S. thesis, University of Texas at Austin, 187 pp.

Badley, M.E., 1985, Practical Seismic Interpretation: International Human Resources Development Corporation, Boston, 266 pp.

Baecher, G.B., and Lanney, N.A., 1978, Trace length biases in joint surveys: US Symposium on Rock Mechanics 19, p. 56-65.

Bosworth, W., 1985, Discussion of the structural evolution of extensional basin margins: Journal of the Geological Society of London, v. 142, p. 939-942.

Caine, J.S., Evans, J.P., Forster, C.B., 1996, Fault zone architecture and permeability structure: Geology, v. 24, p. 1025-1028.

Chester, J.S., and Chester, F.M., 1990, Fault-propagation folds above thrusts with constant dip: Journal of Structural Geology, v. 12, p. 903-910.

Cladouhos T.T., and Marrett R., 1996, Are fault growth and linkage models consistent with power-law distributions of fault lengths?: Journal of Structural Geology, 18, p. 281-293.

Corbett, K., Friedman, M., and Spang, J., 1987, Fracture development and mechanicanical stratigraphy of Austin Chalk, Texas: American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, v. 71, p. 17-28.

Dahlstrom, C.D., 1969, Balanced cross sections: Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, v. 6, p. 743-757.

Dahlstrom, C.D., 1990, Geometric constraints derived from the law of conservation of volume and applied to evolutionary models for detachment folding: American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, v. 74, p. 336-344.

Dixon, J.S., 1982, Regional structural synthesis, Wyoming salient of western overthrust belt: American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, v. 66, p. 1560-1580.

Elliot, D., 1983, The construction of balanced cross-sections: Journal of Structural Geology, v. 5, p. 101.

Erslev, E.A., 1986, Basement balancing of Rocky Mountain foreland uplifts: Geology, v. 14, p. 259-262.  

Gibbs, A.D., 1983, Balanced cross-section construction from seismic sections in areas of extensional tectonics: Journal of Structural Geology, v. 5, p. 153-160.

Gibson, R.G., 1994, Fault-zone seals in siliciclastic strata of the Columbus basin, offshore Trinidad: American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, v. 78, p. 1372-1385.

Giles, K.A., and Lawton, T.F., 1999, Attributes and evolution of an exhumed salt weld, La Popa basin, northeastern Mexico: Geology, v. 27, p. 323-326.

Gillespie, P.A., Walsh, J.J., Watterson, J., Bonson, C.G., and Manzocchi, T., 2001, Scaling relationships of joint and vein arrays from The Burren, Co. Clare, Ireland: Journal of Structural Geology, v. 23, p. 183-201.

Goldhammer, R.K., and Johnson, C.A, 2001, Middle Jurassic-Upper Cretaceous paleogeographic evolution and sequence-stratigraphic framework of the northwest Gulf of Mexico rim, in Bartolini, C., Buffler, R.T., and Cantú-Chapa, A., eds., The western Gulf of Mexico basin: Tectonics, sedimentary basins, and petroleum systems: American Association of Petroleum Geologists Memoir 75, p. 45-81.

Hall, S.A., Kendall, J-M., and Barkved, O.I., 2002, Fractured reservoir characterisation using P-wave AVOA anaylsis of 3D OBC data: The Leading Edge, v. 21, p. 777-781.

Hossack, J.R., 1979, The use of balanced cross-sections in the calculation of orogenic contraction: a review: Journal of the Geological Society of London, v. 136, p. 705-711.

Jamison, W.R., 1987, Geometric analysis of fold development in overthrust terranes: Journal of Structural Geology, v. 9, p. 207-219.

Jamison, W.R., and Pope, A., 1996, Geometry and evolution of a fault-bend fold: Mount Bertha anticline: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 108, p. 208-224.

Kerr, H.G., White, N., and Brun, J.-P., 1993, An automatic method for determining three-dimensional normal fault geometries: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 98, p. 17837-17857.

Laubach, S.E., 1997, A method to detect natural fracture strike in sandstones: American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, v. 81, p. 604-623.

Laubach, S.E., 2003, Practical approaches to identifying sealed and open fractures: submitted to American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, v. 87, p. 561-579.

Laubach, S.E., Reed, R.M., Olson, J.E., Lander, R.H., and Bonnell, L.M., 2004, Coevolution of crack-seal texture and fracture porosity in sedimentary rocks: Cathodoluminescence observations of regional fractures: Journal of Structural Geology, v. 26, p. 967-982.

Lingrey, S., 1991, Seismic modeling of an imbricate thrust structure from the Foothills of the Canadian Rocky Mountains, in Fagin, S.W., Seismic Modeling of Geologic Structures: Applications to Exploration Problems: Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, p. 111-125.

Marrett, R., 1996, Aggregate properties of fracture populations: Journal of Structural Geology, v. 18, p. 169-178.  

Marrett, R., in preparation, Fractal and harmonic spatial arrangement of natural fractures: intended for Nature.

Marrett, R., and Allmendinger, R.W., 1990, Kinematic analysis of fault-slip data: Journal of Structural Geology, v. 12, p. 973-986.

Marrett, R., and Aranda-García, M., 2001, Regional structure of the Sierra Madre Oriental fold-thrust belt, Mexico:  in Marrett, R., ed., Genesis and controls of reservoir-scale carbonate deformation, Monterrey salient, Mexico: Austin, Texas,  Bureau of Economic Geology, Guidebook 28, p. 31-55.

Marrett, R., and Bentham, P.B., 1997, Geometric analysis of hybrid fault-propagation/detachment folds: Journal of Structural Geology, v. 19, p. 243-248.

Marrett, R., Gomez, L., and Gale, J.F.W., in preparation, Spatial architecture of fracture arrays: intended for Journal of Structural Geology.

Marrett, R., and Laubach, S.E., 2001, Fracturing during burial diagenesis:  in Marrett, R., ed., Genesis and controls of reservoir-scale carbonate deformation, Monterrey salient, Mexico: Austin, Texas,  Bureau of Economic Geology, Guidebook 28, p. 109-123.

Marrett, R., Ortega, O.J., and Kelsey, C.M., 1999, Extent of power-law scaling for natural fractures in rock: Geology, v. 27, p. 799-802.

Marshak, S., and Woodward, N., 1988, Introduction to cross-section balancing: in Basic Methods of Structural Geology, Marshak, S., and Mitra, G., eds., Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, p. 303-314.

McClay, K.R., 1992, Glossary of thrust tectonics terms: in Thrust Tectonics, McClay, K.R., ed., Chapman and Hall, London, p. 419-433.

Mueller, M.C., 1991, Prediction of lateral variability in fracture intensity using multicomponent shear-wave surface seismic as a precursor to horizontal drilling in the Austin Chalk: Geophysical Journal International, v. 107, p. 409-415.

Ortega, O., and Marrett, R., 2001, Stratigraphic controls on fracture intensity in Barremian-Aptian carbonates, northeastern Mexico:  in Marrett, R., ed., Genesis and controls of reservoir-scale carbonate deformation, Monterrey salient, Mexico: Austin, Texas,  Bureau of Economic Geology, Guidebook 28, p. 57-82.

Peacock, D.C.P., and Sanderson, D.J., 1991, Displacements, segment linkage and relay ramps in normal fault zones: Journal of Structural Geology, v. 13, p. 721-733.

Peacock, D.C.P., and Sanderson, D.J., 1993, Estimating strain from fault slip using a line sample: Journal of Structural Geology, v. 15, p. 1513-1516.  

Petit, J.P., 1987, Criteria for the sense of movement on fault surfaces in brittle rocks: Journal of Structural Geology, v. 9, p. 597-608.

Philip, Z.G., Jennings, J.W., Olson, J.E., and Holder,J., 2002, Modeling coupled fracture-matrix fluid flow in geomechanically simulated fracture networks: Society of Petroleum Engineers, Paper 77340, 13 pp.

Poblet, J., and McClay, K., 1996, Geometry and kinematics of single-layer detachment folds: American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, v. 80, p. 1085-1109.

Poblet, J., McClay, K., Storti, F., and Muñoz, J.A., 1997, Geometries of syntectonic sediments associated with single-layer detachment folds: Journal of Structural Geology, v. 19, p. 369-381.

Pollard, D.D., and Aydin, A., 1988, Progress in understanding jointing over the past century: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 100, p. 1181-1204.

Price, R.A., 1967, The tectonic significance of mesoscopic subfabrics in the Southern Rocky Mountains of Alberta and British Columbia: Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, v. 4, p. 39-70.

Rich, J.L., 1934, Mechanics of low-angle overthrust faulting as illustrated by Cumberland thrust block, Virginia, Kentucky, and Tennessee: American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, v. 18, p. 1584-1596.

Shaw, J.H., Hook, S.C., and Suppe, J., 1994, Structural trend analysis by axial surface mapping: American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, v. 78, p. 700-721.

Suppe, J., 1983, Geometry and kinematics of fault-bend folding: American Journal of Science, v. 283, p. 684-721.

Suppe, J., Chou, G.T., and Hook, S.C., 1992, Rates of folding and faulting determined from growth strata: in Thrust Tectonics, McClay, K.R., ed., Chapman and Hall, London, p. 105-121.

Suppe, J., and Medwedeff, D.A., 1990, Geometry and kinematics of fault-propagation folding: Eclogae Geol. Helv., v. 83, p. 409-454.

Terzaghi, R.D., 1965, Sources of error in joint surveys: Geotechnique, v. 15, p. 287-304.

Tucker, P.M., and Yorston, H.J., 1973, Pitfalls in Seismic Interpretation: Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, 50 pp.

Twiss, R.J., and Moores, E.M., 1992, Structural Geology: Freeman, New York, 532 pp.

Watterson, J., 1986, Fault dimensions, displacements and growth: Pure and Applied Geophysics, v. 124, p. 365-373.

White, N.J., Jackson, J.A., and McKenzie, D.P., 1986, The relationship between the geometry of normal faults and that of the sedimentary layers in their hanging walls: Journal of Structural Geology, v. 8, p. 897-909.